Pearls Modifications and/or treatments
4.8.1. Cultured pearls
Cultured pearls (5.48) of all varieties (inclusive of those defined in 5.8, 5.15, 5.17, 5.49, 5.50, 5.65, 5.91, 5.97, 5.154, 5.165, 5.166, 5.172 and 5.179) may have been subsequently modified or treated by the processes set out in 4.8.1.1 and 4.8.1.2 which clauses shall apply at the points of sale (5.147).
4.8.1.1. No requirement for declaration.
Cultured pearls (5.48) which have been only been polished (5.148), buffed (5.28), peeled (5.140) and /or cleaned1 (5.37), do not require this information (polished – not including waxing (5.183), buffed, peeled, cleaned) to be stated in their description at the point of sale (5.147).
4.8.1.2. Requirement to declare
Cultured pearls (5.48) requiring specific information of their modifications or treatments to be given at the point of sale (5.147) are all those not specifically mentioned in clause (4.8.1.1). Those modifications, presently known, that require specific information to be stated at the point of sale are; bleaching (5.20) (see also below), coating (5.38), cutting (5.50), dyeing (5.54), lustre enhancements e.g., “maeshori‖ (5.96), tinting (5.178), filling (5.59), heating (5.80), irradiation (5.87), oiling (5.126), waxing (5.183) and working (5.185).
When making reference, to a cultured pearl (5.48) that has been modified or treated as described in (4.8.1.2) above (except see Bleaching below), the words ‗cultured pearl‘ or the ‗colour description‘ shall immediately be preceded or followed by a word or words that describe the modification or treatment and shall, prior to the closing of the sale, require a verbal explanation that the cultured pearl has been modified or treated. In the event of a written presentation, the word describing the modification or treatment shall be of equal emphasis and prominence, with characters of the same size and colour as those of the name itself. Do not abbreviate.
Examples: Coated cultured pearl; ―Colour‖ dyed cultured pearl; Filled cultured pearl; Yellow (heated) cultured pearl, Black (irradiated) cultured pearl; Oiled cultured pearl; waxed cultured pearl; or treated cultured pearl.
Bleaching (5.20) shall be identified on commercial documents by an asterisk immediately following the name of the cultured pearl to relate to a footnote that will identify that the cultured pearl is bleached.
Examples: …..cultured pearls*
*Cultured pearls grown in the Akoya pearl oyster are normally bleached to modify and/or change their appearance.
*These cultured pearls have been bleached to modify and/or change their appearance.
If a cultured pearl (5.48) can be purchased without personally viewing the product, (e.g., direct mail, catalogues, online services, televised shopping programmes) explanation shall be made that it is a modified or treated cultured pearl in the presentation and/or description of the product prior to the close of the sale.
4.8.2. Natural Pearls
Natural pearls (5.118) of all varieties may have been subsequently modified or treated by the processes set out in Clauses 4.8.2.1 and 4.8.2.2 which shall apply at the points of sale (5.147).
4.8.2.1. No requirement for declaration.
Natural pearls (5.118), which have only been polished (5.148), buffed (5.28), peeled (5.140) and /or, cleaned2 (5.37), do not require this information (polished, buffed, peeled, cleaned) to be stated in their description at the point of sale (5.147).
4.8.2.2. Requirement to declare.
Natural pearls (5.118) requiring specific information of their modifications or treatments to be given at the point of sale (5.147) are all those not specifically mentioned in Clause (4.8.2.1). Those modifications, presently known, that require specific information to be stated at the point of sale are; bleaching (5.20), coating (5.38), cutting (5.51), dyeing (5.54), filling (5.59), irradiation (5.87), oiling (5.126), tinting (5.178) waxing (5.183) and working (5.185).
When making reference, to a pearl (5.118) that has been modified or treated as described in (4.8.2.2) above (except see Bleaching below), the words ‗natural pearl‘, ‗pearl‘, or the ‗colour description‘ shall immediately be preceded or followed by a word or words that describe the modification or treatment and shall, prior to the closing of the sale, require a verbal explanation that the natural pearl has been modified or treated. In the event of a written presentation, the word describing the modification or treatment shall be of equal emphasis and prominence, with characters of the same size and colour as those of the name itself. Do not abbreviate.
Examples: Coated natural pearl; “colour― (dyed) natural pearl; Filled natural pearl; Yellow (heated) natural pearl, Black (irradiated) natural pearl; Oiled natural pearl; Waxed natural pearl; worked natural pearl; or treated natural pearl.
Bleaching (5.20) shall be identified on commercial documents by an asterisk immediately following the name of the pearl to relate to a footnote that will identify that the pearl is bleached.
Example: …..natural pearls*
*These natural pearls have been bleached to modify and/or change their appearance.
If a natural pearl (5.118) can be purchased without personally viewing the product, (e.g., direct mail, catalogues, online services, televised shopping programmes) explanation shall be made that it is a modified or treated natural pearl in the presentation and/or description of the product prior to the close of the sale.
4.8.3. Non-permanent modifications or treatments.
Pearls (5.118) and cultured pearls (5.48) subjected to processes in clauses 4.8 that are not permanent shall require prior to the closing of the sale a declaration that the process is not permanent and that they require special care. See Annex C and 4.8.4.
4.8.4. Trade codes for modifications or treatments.
The codes listed in Annex A shall only be used on commercial documents within the industry; they are not to be used for the consumer. The codes are intended to facilitate the insertion of vital information on tags attached to merchandise, on invoices and or other commercial documents used within the trade. Methods of pearl treatment disclosure shall be in accordance with Clause (4.8.1.) modifications and/or treatments for cultured pearls and Clause (4.8.2.1) for natural pearls. Where multiple treatments have been applied multiple codes shall be used, e.g., BW (Bleached/Waxed). Where special care is required to preserve the results of a treatment the initials sc (Special Care) shall be added after the code, e.g., Dsc (Dyed/Special Care). Also see Annex C.
Articles source: THE PEARL BOOK, Natural, Cultured, Composite & Imitation Pearls — Terminology & Classification (Including information on modifications), 2013-08-12, CIBJO/Pearl Commission.
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